Hi Lorraine,
As Sarah has said above – dualism is the separation between body and soul but it doesn’t necessarily have to be just in humans, however Plato/ Descartes do just focus on it in that way.
Dawkins talks about soul 1 and soul 2. Soul 1 is the religious superstitious concept, that is not based on fact or truth. Soul 2 is consciousness, human intellectual and spiritual power, higher development of moral faculties and feelings and imagination – all rooted in the body. He acknowledges there is mystery around human ‘consciousness’ = what makes us different from other species ect but does not link this to a soul, just an area not discovered by science yet.
Hope this helps,
Aimee